The Relationship Between Diet, Inflammation, and Nutritional Status in Hemodialysis Patients

PurposeThis study examined the relationships between handgrip strength (HGS), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and clinical parameters in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). It evaluated how dietary inflammation and nutritional status influence muscle function and clinical outcomes.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 126 CKD patients receiving HD in Istanbul, T & uuml;rkiye. Data collection included anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters, and three-day dietary records. HGS was measured using a dynamometer, and DII scores were calculated from dietary records. Statistical analyses assessed correlations between HGS, DII, and clinical variables.ResultsA weak negative correlation was found between DII scores and HGS in males (r = -0.255, p = 0.032), indicating higher dietary inflammatory potential reduces muscle strength. HGS was significantly associated with mid-upper arm circumference in males (r = 0.278, p = 0.019) and height in females (r = 0.337, p = 0.012). Serum albumin correlated positively with HGS in females (r = 0.285, p = 0.035), while serum sodium showed a negative correlation in males (r = -0.273, p = 0.021). Patients in the highest DII tertile had lower energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes, reflecting poorer nutritional quality.ConclusionPro-inflammatory diets and poor nutritional status may negatively impact muscle strength and clinical outcomes in HD patients. Anti-inflammatory dietary patterns and adequate nutrient intake could enhance treatment outcomes and quality of life.