Resonance frequency analysis of dental implants in patients with vitamin D deficiency

Objectives Vitamin D deficiency may influence dental implant osseointegration unfavourably. The aim of this study was to compare dental implant stabilities of patients with different levels of vitamin D and investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation. Materials and methods One hundred and twenty-nine patients who underwent dental implantation were grouped regarding vitamin D levels and supplement use: Group A; vitamin D deficiency and supplement usage, Group B; insufficiency with supplement usage, Group C; insufficiency without supplements and Group D; vitamin D sufficiency. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measurements were performed at baseline and 3 months. Patients with vitamin D deficiency (Group A) and insufficiency (Group B) were prescribed supplements by specialists. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine an association between vitamin D levels and implant stability. Results Primary stability of Group D (76.34 +/- 6.55) was significantly higher than Groups A, B and C at baseline (p < 0.05). At 3 months, Group C scored significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). The results revealed a correlation between serum levels of vitamin D and RFA measurements at 3 months (p < 0.05). Conclusion It was observed that high vitamin D levels influenced implant stabilities positively, as evidenced by higher Implant Stability Quotient values. Low levels of vitamin D may be associated with a decrease in implant stability. Statement of Clinical Relevance Vitamin D, concerning its impact on bone metabolism, is currently of particular interest in implant dentistry. The lower stability scores in patients with vitamin D deficiency reinforce the recommendation of Vitamin D supplementation when treating those patients with dental implants.