3D boron-doped diamond electrode with a designed staggered network structure for enhancing electrochemical oxidation process

Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode is widely recognized as an ideal anode electrode material for electrochemical wastewater treatment. However, constructing a BDD electrode capable of achieving high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) and mass transfer efficiency remains challenging. Herein, a novel threedimensional (3D) BDD electrode with a staggered network structure built by 3D printing technology was constructed via hot-filament chemical vapor deposition. Experimental results demonstrated that 3D BDD electrodes exhibited a higher degradation efficiency and lower energy consumption under various experimental conditions compared to the flat BDD electrode. The superior degradation performance of 3D BDD electrodes resulted from the increased ECSA, spatiotemporal yield of reactive active radicals and charge transfer rate as well as the significantly improved mass transfer rate confirmed by the computational fluid dynamics simulations. This work could offer a potential solution to the structural design of high-performance electrodes for wastewater treatment.