Review on the effect of ceramic particles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured nickel-based superalloys

This paper focuses on the preparation of ceramic particles/nickel matrix composites by additive manufacturing. Systematically integrated with its current research status, this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of ceramic particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and strengthening mechanisms of nickel-based alloys. Through fine crystallization, precipitation, and a pinning action, ceramic particles like WC, TiC, SiC, TiN, and others are discovered to reinforce the alloys and improve their high temperature, friction, and wear performance. However, they also bring about defects such as porosity, cracks, and microstructural inhomogeneity. Additive manufacturing process parameters and powder parameters are crucial. The laser energy density around the molding quality and reasonable regulation of powder parameters can optimize performance. Heat treatment, laser impact strengthening, and other auxiliary processing techniques can effectively refine the microstructure, enhance material properties, and mitigate defect formation. In the future, we should focus on material system innovation, precise regulation of microstructure, defect inhibition and repair, performance evaluation system improvement and data-driven research to provide directions for improving the performance of nickel matrix composites, expanding their applications, supporting their growth in upscale industries like aircraft and expanding metals research.