TET3 regulates terminal cell differentiation at the metabolic level

TET-family members play a critical role in cell fate commitment. Indeed, TET3 is essential to postnatal development due to yet unknown reasons. To define TET3 function in cell differentiation, we have profiled the intestinal epithelium at single-cell level from wild-type and Tet3 knockout mice. We have found that Tet3 is mostly expressed in differentiated enterocytes. In the absence of TET3, enterocytes exhibit an aberrant differentiation trajectory and do not acquire a physiological cell identity due to an impairment in oxidative phosphorylation, specifically due to an ATP synthase assembly deficiency. Moreover, spatial metabolomics analysis has revealed that Tet3 knockout enterocytes exhibit an unphysiological metabolic profile when compared with their wild-type counterparts. In contrast, no metabolic differences have been observed between both genotypes in the stem cell compartment where Tet3 is mainly not expressed. Collectively, our findings suggest a mechanism by which TET3 regulates mitochondrial function and, thus, terminal cell differentiation at the metabolic level. TET3 is essential to postnatal development due to unknown reasons. Here Mulet et al. demonstrate that TET3 is required for ATP synthase assembly in differentiated cells and that its loss leads to an unphysiological metabolic profile.