Being there: effectiveness of a 360-degree virtual tour for increasing understanding of forest treatments for fire hazard reduction in California, USA

被引:1
作者
Taylor, Alan H. [1 ,2 ]
Wallgruen, Jan Oliver [3 ]
Knapp, Eric E. [4 ]
Klippel, Alexander [5 ,6 ]
Sanchez, Jose J. [7 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[2] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[3] Helgolandring 10, D-22926 Ahrensburg, Germany
[4] USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Forest Serv, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA
[5] Wageningen Univ & Res, Cultural Geog Res Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
[6] Wageningen Univ & Res, WANDER XR Experience Lab, Wageningen, Netherlands
[7] USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Forest Serv, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA
来源
FIRE ECOLOGY | 2025年 / 21卷 / 01期
关键词
Wildfire hazard; Forest treatments; Virtual tours; Surveys; Managers; Perception; Place-based learning; 360 degrees imagery; Virtual reality; ANTHROPOGENIC CLIMATE-CHANGE; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; WILDFIRE; FUELS; EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT; KNOWLEDGE; EDUCATION;
D O I
10.1186/s42408-024-00345-0
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
BackgroundThe increasing extent and severity of wildfires in the western USA poses a significant challenge to managers and to society. Forest thinning and prescribed fire treatments reduce fire hazard and improve resilience to climatic stressors. However, expanding the pace and scale of forest management is hampered, in part, by limited understanding and exposure of interested parties and the public to fuel reduction treatments. Virtual tour applications provide an opportunity to extend tours of treatment demonstration areas to anyone with a computer and internet connection. Yet there is little research on the effectiveness of virtual tours for enhancing understanding of forest treatments and if managers would deploy virtual tours to increase public awareness. Here we describe the development and evaluation of a virtual tour (https://chorophronesis.geog.psu.edu/virtualexperiences/StanislausWebsite/indexSummer2022.html) using surveys for three occupational groups: forest managers, university students, and non-student non-managers.ResultsThe virtual tour improved self-reported understanding of how fires historically shaped forests, how fuels changed in the absence of fire, how thinning affects wildfire hazard, how prescribed fire affects wildfire hazard, and how thinning can be modified to enhance biodiversity. The virtual tour was also effective at conveying differences between treatment and non-treatment and among thinning and prescribed fire treatments, for all three occupational groups. There was strong agreement by all groups that if a field tour of forest treatments was not an option, the virtual tour would be a good substitute. The manager and non-manager occupation groups expressed significantly greater agreement with questions on the utility of virtual technology for aiding land management planning discussions and stimulating dialog among their own networks compared to students.ConclusionsThere was an overwhelmingly positive response to the virtual tour by all groups indicating significant potential to use virtual tours to improve understanding of fuel treatments. This could reduce social barriers impeding the scaling up of fuel reduction treatments that are needed to reduce fire hazard in California and elsewhere. AntecedentesEl incremento en la extensi & oacute;n y severidad de los incendios de vegetaci & oacute;n en el oeste de los EEUU significan un gran desaf & iacute;o tanto para los manejadores de recursos como para toda la sociedad. Los tratamientos de raleos y las quemas prescriptas reducen el riesgo de incendios y mejoran la resiliencia a los estresantes clim & aacute;ticos. Sin embargo, la expansi & oacute;n y velocidad de estos manejos es limitada, en parte, por el escaso entendimiento y la exposici & oacute;n de partes interesadas y del p & uacute;blico en general sobre los tratamientos de reducci & oacute;n del combustible. La aplicaci & oacute;n de visitas virtuales (virtual tours) proveen la oportunidad de extender estas visitas virtuales a & aacute;reas de demostraci & oacute;n donde se realizan los tratamientos a cualquier persona que tenga una computadora y conexi & oacute;n a internet. Aun as & iacute;, son muy pocas las investigaciones sobre la efectividad de aumentar el conocimiento de tratamientos forestales, y si los manejadores de recursos podr & iacute;an desarrollar estas visitas virtuales para incrementar el conocimiento y la atenci & oacute;n del p & uacute;blico. En este trabajo, describimos el desarrollo y la evaluaci & oacute;n de una visita virtual ((https://chorophronesis.geog.psu.edu/virtualexperiences/StanislausWebsite/indexSummer2022.html), usando un relevamiento sobre tres grupos ocupacionales: manejadores forestales, estudiantes de la universidad, y no estudiantes ni manejadores de recursos.ResultadosLa visita virtual mejor & oacute; el autoconocimiento y el entendimiento sobre c & oacute;mo los incendios han hist & oacute;ricamente modelado los bosques, c & oacute;mo los combustibles forestales cambian en ausencia del fuego, c & oacute;mo los raleos afectan el peligro de incendio, como las quemas prescriptas afectan el riesgo de incendios, y c & oacute;mo los raleos pueden ser modificados para aumentar la biodiversidad. La visita virtual fue tambi & eacute;n efectiva para hacer comprender las diferencias entre tratamientos y no tratamientos, y entre raleos y quemas prescriptas en los tres grupos analizados. Hubo un muy fuerte acuerdo por parte de todos los grupos en que, si una visita guiada al campo no pudiera concretarse, la visita virtual puede ser un muy buen sustituto. El grupo de manejadores de recurso y grupos de no manejadores expresaron un mayor acuerdo con preguntas sobre la utilidad de la tecnolog & iacute;a virtual para ayudar a las discusiones en el planeamiento y la estimulaci & oacute;n del di & aacute;logo entre sus propias redes comparado con los estudiantes.ConclusionesHubo una notable respuesta positiva de todos los grupos sobre la visita virtual, indicando el potencial significativo de & eacute;stas para mejorar el entendimiento de los tratamientos de combustible. Esto podr & iacute;a reducir las barreras sociales que impiden el escalamiento de los tratamientos de reducci & oacute;n de combustible que son necesarios para reducir el riesgo de incendios en California y en cualquier otro lugar del mundo.
引用
收藏
页数:15
相关论文
共 69 条
[1]   Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests [J].
Abatzoglou, John T. ;
Williams, A. Park .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2016, 113 (42) :11770-11775
[2]   Changes in fire behavior caused by fire exclusion and fuel build-up vary with topography in California montane forests, USA [J].
Airey-Lauvaux, Catherine ;
Pierce, Andrew D. ;
Skinner, Carl N. ;
Taylor, Alan H. .
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 2022, 304
[3]  
[Anonymous], 2012, Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-237
[4]   Effects of immersive virtual nature on nature connectedness: A systematic review and meta-analysis [J].
Brambilla, Elena ;
Petersen, Evi ;
Stendal, Karen ;
Sundling, Vibeke ;
MacIntyre, Tadhg E. ;
Calogiuri, Giovanna .
DIGITAL HEALTH, 2024, 10
[5]   Forest thinning and prescribed burning treatments reduce wildfire severity and buffer the impacts of severe fire weather [J].
Brodie, Emily G. ;
Knapp, Eric E. ;
Brooks, Wesley R. ;
Drury, Stacy A. ;
Ritchie, Martin W. .
FIRE ECOLOGY, 2024, 20 (01)
[6]   How risk management can prevent future wildfire disasters in the wildland-urban interface [J].
Calkin, David E. ;
Cohen, Jack D. ;
Finney, Mark A. ;
Thompson, Matthew P. .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2014, 111 (02) :746-751
[7]   ACQUISITION OF DOMAIN-RELATED INFORMATION IN RELATION TO HIGH AND LOW DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE [J].
CHIESI, HL ;
SPILICH, GJ ;
VOSS, JF .
JOURNAL OF VERBAL LEARNING AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR, 1979, 18 (03) :257-273
[8]  
Chow A.T.S., 2021, Wildfires are threatening municipal water supplies
[9]   Restoring forest resilience: From reference spatial patterns to silvicultural prescriptions and monitoring [J].
Churchill, Derek J. ;
Larson, Andrew J. ;
Dahlgreen, Matthew C. ;
Franklin, Jerry F. ;
Hessburg, Paul F. ;
Lutz, James A. .
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, 2013, 291 :442-457
[10]   Gender and Public Perception of Disasters: A Multiple Hazards Exploratory Study of EU Citizens [J].
Cuesta, Arturo ;
Alvear, Daniel ;
Carnevale, Antonio ;
Amon, Francine .
SAFETY, 2022, 8 (03)