Patriarchy and Gender Inequality: A Comprehensive Analysis of Women's Empowerment in Contemporary India

This research paper provides a comprehensive examination of gender inequality and the status of women's empowerment in contemporary Indian society, focusing on the pervasive influence of patriarchy. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining historical analysis with empirical data to explore various factors-social, economic, political, educational, legal, cultural, and healthcare-that contribute to gender disparities. The research underscores the systemic barriers entrenched within patriarchal structures, emphasizing the need for holistic interventions to dismantle these obstacles. Through the application of key patriarchal theories, such as Sylvia Walby's Theory of Patriarchy and Pierre Bourdieu's Theory of Masculine Domination, the paper contextualizes the manifestation of patriarchy in modern India. The study also evaluates existing initiatives aimed at women's empowerment, including government programs and legislative measures, and provides recommendations for advancing gender equality. By highlighting the persistent challenges and proposing actionable strategies, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on fostering a more inclusive and equitable society in India.