Epigenetic reprogramming in mouse and human primordial germ cells

被引：0

作者：

Sun-Min Lee ^{[1
]}

M. Azim Surani ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Konkuk University,Department of Physics

[2] University of Cambridge,Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology

[3] University of Cambridge,Physiology, Development and Neuroscience Department

来源：

Experimental & Molecular Medicine | 2024年 / 56卷 / 12期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1038/s12276-024-01359-z

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of sperm and eggs. They undergo genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming to erase epigenetic memory and reset the genomic potential for totipotency. Global DNA methylation erasure is a crucial part of epigenetic resetting when DNA methylation levels decrease across the genome to <5%. However, certain localized regions exhibit slower demethylation or resistance to reprogramming. Since DNA methylation plays a crucial role in transcriptional regulation, this depletion in PGCs requires mechanisms independent of DNA methylation to regulate transcriptional control during PGC reprogramming. Histone modifications are predicted to compensate for the loss of DNA methylation in gene regulation. Different histone modifications exhibit distinct patterns in PGCs undergoing epigenetic programming at the genomic level during PGC development in conjunction with changes in DNA methylation. Together, they contribute to PGC-specific genomic regulation. Recent findings related to these processes provide a comprehensive overview of germline epigenetic reprogramming and its importance in mouse and human PGC development. Additionally, we evaluated the extent to which in vitro culture techniques have replicated the development processes of human PGCs.

引用

页码：2578 / 2587

页数：9

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