Emerging trends and cross-country health inequalities in congenital birth defects: insights from the GBD 2021 study

被引：0
作者：
Liu, Hanjun [1 ]
Chen, Kebin [1 ]
Wang, Tingting [1 ]
Ruan, Xiaorui [1 ]
Wei, Jianhui [1 ]
Tang, Jiapeng [1 ]
Li, Liuxuan [1 ]
Qin, Jiabi [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China
[2] Kunming Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China
来源：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH | 2025年 / 24卷 / 01期
关键词：
Congenital birth defects; GBD; Incidence; Trend; Prediction; Health inequality; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; FOLIC-ACID; ANOMALIES; PREVENTION; CHILDREN; AFRICA;
D O I：
10.1186/s12939-025-02412-7
中图分类号：
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号：
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要：
BackgroundPrevious studies predominantly focused on single types of congenital birth defects (CBDs) or specific national prevalence. This study adopts a holistic perspective to assess current trends and health inequalities in birth incidence rate of various types of CBDs, providing novel insights to inform public health policy formulation.MethodsGlobal, socio-demographic index (SDI) regional, and country-specific estimates incidence cases and rate at birth of CBDs from 1990 to 2021 were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021. Joinpoint analysis and autoregressive integrated moving average predictive models were employed to evaluate temporal trends in the birth incidence rate of CBDs for the period 2022-2031. Additionally, analysis of associations and health inequalities were conducted to examine the relationship between SDI and the birth incidence rate of CBDs across countries.ResultsGlobally, the birth incidence rate decreased from 5811.17/100k population in 1990 to 5563.72/100k population in 2021, with low SDI regions recording the lowest rate and cases. Joinpoint analysis revealed a global decrease in the birth incidence rate of CBDs (average annual percentage change, AAPC: -0.14%, 95%CI: -0.15% to -0.12%). The most significant decline was observed in neural tube defects (NTD) (AAPC: -1.35%, 95%CI: -1.42% to -1.28%). However, only birth incidence rate of orofacial clefts (OC) is projected to decrease globally the next decade. Within the five SDI regions, the birth incidence rate of OC is also projected to decrease probably. The analysis revealed negative correlations between congenital heart anomalies (CHA), NTD, and SDI, with NTD showing both absolute and relative health inequalities.ConclusionsDespite the general decline in overall birth incidence rate of CBDs, projections suggested a probable increasing trend for all types except OC. This underscores the necessity for enhanced surveillance and intervention measures. Furthermore, the successful prevention policies implemented for NTD could serve as effective models for addressing other types of CBDs, thereby improving the current global situation of CBDs.
引用
收藏
页数：12
相关论文
共 46 条
  • [1] Feldkamp M.L., Carey J.C., Byrne J.L.B., Krikov S., Botto L.D., Etiology and clinical presentation of birth defects: Population based study, BMJ, 357, (2017)
  • [2] Li X.-Y., Et al., The congenital birth defects burden in children younger than 14 years of age, 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis of the global burden of disease study, J Global Health, 14, (2024)
  • [3] Belama N., Desalew A., Lami M., Keneni M., Roba K.T., Predictors of congenital anomalies among neonates admitted to public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia: a case-control study, J Int Med Res, 52, (2024)
  • [4] Strong K., Et al., Action against birth defects: if not now, when? Global Health Action, 17, (2024)
  • [5] Mirieri H., Et al., Risk factors of adverse birth outcomes among a cohort of pregnant women in coastal Kenya, 2017–2019, BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 24, (2024)
  • [6] Dong W.-H., Et al., Trend of mortality due to congenital anomalies in children younger than 5 years in eastern China, 2012–2021: Surveillance data analysis, JMIR Public Health Surveillance, 10, (2024)
  • [7] Ghotme K.A., Et al., Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of mandatory folate fortification as an evidence-based policy to prevent neural tube defects, Child’s Nerv System: ChNS: Official J Int Soc Pediatr Neurosurg, 39, pp. 1805-1812, (2023)
  • [8] Amdani S., Et al., Evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease: a scientific statement from the American heart association, Circulation, 150, pp. e33-e50, (2024)
  • [9] Brida M., Et al., Acquired cardiovascular disease in adults with congenital heart disease, Eur Heart J, 44, pp. 4533-4548, (2023)
  • [10] Greene N.D.E., Copp A.J., Neural tube defects, Annu Rev Neurosci, 37, pp. 221-242, (2014)
12345