Fabrication Strategies for 2D Halide Perovskite Towards Next-Generation Optoelectronic Applications

Halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials in high-performance optoelectronics due to their exceptional optoelectrical properties, such as long carrier lifetime and tunable bandgap. Despite the promising capabilities of three-dimensional (3D) halide perovskites in applications like solar cells and light-emitting diodes, their operational stability remains a critical challenge. This review focuses on quasi-two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites, which offer enhanced stability through their reduced dimensionality. We discuss the unique properties of these materials, including the ability to modify optical and electronic characteristics by altering the organic cations and the layer number in the perovskite structure. Additionally, we review various fabrication techniques, highlighting the shift from traditional low-temperature solution processes to more advanced solid, liquid, and vapor-phase methods, which address the limitations of conventional fabrication and enhance material quality. This comprehensive review aims to provide insights into the development of stable and efficient 2D halide perovskite-based optoelectronic devices, paving the way for their integration into next-generation optoelectronic applications.