Integration of flexible solid-state thin-film batteries for smart functional clothing applications

The advancement of smart, functional clothing for healthcare and wellness holds promise for revolutionizing health monitoring, chronic disease management, and enhancing physical capabilities. This review examines the integration of flexible solid-state thin-film batteries into functional clothing, addressing current technological advancements and challenges. Key areas of focus include the development of new materials, biosignal monitoring, power supply systems, data processing and interpretation, and wireless communication technologies. The essential characteristics of power sources for functional clothing are identified, emphasizing small volume, ultra-lightweight design, durability, and flexibility. The review also explores the use of flexible lithium batteries, highlighting the importance of achieving mechanical flexibility and stable electrical connections within clothing. Despite ongoing research, challenges persist in meeting all necessary criteria for practical applications in smart clothing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future directions of flexible thin-film battery technology for applications in smart functional clothing.