A qualitative study on the factors influencing oral health care for young children in Belgium

BackgroundDental caries in young children is a severe public health problem. Children depend on their parents and care professionals for their oral health. The aim of this study is to gain in-depth insight into the factors influencing oral health care for young children.MethodsA qualitative explorative research design, within a constructivist research paradigm, was used. Eight individual and three focus group interviews were conducted with parents of children aged 6 months to 6 years. Particular emphasis was dedicated to the inclusion of parents from minority groups. Individual interviews were conducted with eight professionals from different health and welfare sectors working with young children and families. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsSeveral factors influence young children's oral health, including time issues, children's uncooperative behaviour, parents' own oral health habits, family and cultural norms, and lack of knowledge. Parents from minority groups experience more barriers. Non-dental professionals report different barriers for taking responsibility about the topic including lack of time, lack of knowledge, and considering oral health as a taboo subject.ConclusionCare guidelines for young children and training in initiating conversations regarding oral health with parents are needed for professionals.