Responses of Photosynthetic Characteristics, and Agronomic Attributes to Sowing Methods of Winter Wheat

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of different sowing methods on the growth, gas exchange and yield traits of dryland winter wheat. Furthermore, the effect of N input rates was also evaluated on soil water consumption. The seeds of winter wheat were sown using wide space sowing (WS), furrow sowing (FS), stereoscopic sowing (SS), and drill sowing (DS). The results indicated that the different sowing methods significantly affected the yield and grain quality. Increase in grain yield was 25, 17, and 11% respectively under WS, FS, and AS as compared to DS. The water consumption in the 0-200 cm soil layer from sowing to jointing was highest under WS which mainly in deep soil layers. The photosynthetic traits and leaf area index were highest under WS followed by FS. The plant height was highest under DS. The water consumption index and grain yield were higher at 210-240 kg/ha than other N rates. The difference between sowing method was significant on 1000-grain mass, Spike number, Grain number per spike, leaf area index (LAI), promote the transpiration of flag leaves, intercellular CO2, yield were the highest under WSS compared to others sowing methods. The yield, and three factors were the highest in N240 kg/ha, and enhances Photosynthetic Characteristics of flag leaves, the spike number, and yield had significant difference compared with other N application rates.