Assessment of Energy Balance and Carbon Emission of Apple Production in Turkiye for Climate Change Mitigation

In line with the principles of sustainable agriculture adopted in the process of combating global warming and climate change, economy, energy and the environment are considered together in the evaluation of an agricultural production project. In this context, energy analysis is an important approach to identify and group agricultural systems in terms of energy consumption. In this study, energy use efficiency, carbon emission values and cost analysis of apple production in Ulukla District of Nide Province, Turkiye, were investigated. Energy values per unit production area of the inputs in production, energy efficiency and total cost and input-output values of the product obtained were calculated, and the relationship with the environment was interpreted according to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The data used in the study were obtained by making 37 surveys from farms producing apples according to land sizes, and the amounts of direct and indirect energy use and their shares in total energy consumption were determined. According to the results of the research, total energy consumption in apple production was 67,648.50MJ/ha and energy output was 53,059.626MJ/ha. The energy ratio value was calculated as 0.78%. As a result of cost (expense) analysis; profit value was calculated as 10,072.21TL/ha. In carbon emission releases, the highest value was found to be in fertilization processes. Based on the data obtained in the study, sustainable-based recommendations are presented by making determinations/implications that help to determine a sectoral roadmap.