Cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a noninfectious, inflammatory multisystem disorder characterized by the idiopathic formation of granulomas. The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis remains only partially understood, although various clinical risk factors and extrinsic triggers have been identified, alongside a maintained Th1-mediated immune response. Clinically, sarcoidosis can present with specific manifestations associated with sarcoidal granulomas observable in histological examinations, as well as nonspecific manifestations. Histology is pivotal for diagnosis. In cases of cutaneous sarcoidosis, systemic involvement must be evaluated. Therapeutic approaches are tailored to the most affected organ. For cutaneous sarcoidosis, treatment options vary based on clinical findings and include local therapies as well as systemic interventions. These encompass corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory agents.