Nephrogenic Adenoma in Urethral Diverticulum

PurposeNephrogenic adenoma is a benign metaplastic response of the urothelium to chronic irritation. Cases of NA in urinary bladder, urethra, ureter, renal pelvis and prostate are reported. A very few reports of nephrogenic adenoma in urethral diverticulum are documented in the literature. We report a rare case of incidental detection of NA in a case of urethral diverticulum.Material and MethodsWe report a case of 33-year-old female with a history of mass per vagina. A diagnosis of urethral diverticulum was made on clinical and radiological findings. Cystoscopic excision of the diverticulum was done. Histopathological findings of the excised specimen were consistent with urethral diverticulum. Additionally, an area was noted displaying features of nephrogenic adenoma. Nephrogenic adenoma in a urethral diverticulum was the final impression. Positivity for CK 7 and PAX 8 immunohistochemical markers confirmed the diagnosis. Intra- and post-operative periods were uneventful. The patient is doing well on follow-up.ConclusionRecognizing NA is of paramount importance as it is a benign mimicker of certain malignant conditions. One must remember that NA can coexist with malignant conditions. Awareness of the condition helps to avoid misdiagnosis.