AI in oral medicine: is the future already here? A literature review

Objective Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping many healthcare disciplines, mainly with newly developed computer systems or machines that have the ability to mimic human intelligence. This paper aims to review the available evidence on the applications of AI in oral medicine. The review critically assesses current evidence, shedding light on AI's growing role in this field.Methods Around 20 applicable studies were included in this review from different databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies included involved original research articles, mini-reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Results Existing papers on AI uses in oral medicine included fundamental areas such as oral cancer, lichen planus, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, odontogenic keratocysts and oral lesions classification. AI has proved remarkable potential in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion The outcomes of the papers suggest that AI holds major potential to help dental practitioners diagnose and manage oral diseases with superior precision. While acknowledging the encouraging results, this paper also underscores the necessity for further research and improvement to fully harness the abilities of AI in oral medicine. It calls notice to the fact that AI, although a valued tool, should supplement rather than replace healthcare professionals. Provides a comprehensive review of AI applications in various aspects of oral medicine, including the diagnosis and management of oral cancer, lichen planus, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, odontogenic keratocysts and the classification of oral lesions.AI systems have demonstrated high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity levels in diagnosing oral conditions.Emphasises the importance of addressing ethical considerations related to AI in healthcare, such as patient autonomy, accountability and biases in AI algorithms.Identifies a gap in AI education for dental professionals and suggests incorporating AI training into dental curricula and continuing education programmes.