Characterization of hydro-sand beds and their hydraulic flow units by integrating surface measurements and ground truth data in parts of the shorefront of Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria

被引:0
作者
J. A. Umoh [1 ]
N. J. George [1 ]
A. M. Ekanem [1 ]
J. B. Emah [1 ]
机构
[1] Department of Physics (Geophysics Research Group), Akwa Ibom State University, PMB 1162, Mkpat Enin, Uyo
关键词
Coastal area; Geologic units; Ground truths; Hydraulic flow units; Hydrokinetic properties;
D O I
10.1007/s42108-022-00215-y
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Hydraulic flow unit within a geologic unit is known to control the flow of fluid in aquifer or reservoir based on the hydrokinetic variables that characterize them. This survey is therefore primarily aimed at using indirect 1-D geo-electric parameters and some ground truth information near the vertical electrical sounding (VES) points to estimate the hydraulic flow units through the inferred hydrokinetic variables within the littoral zone of Akwa Ibom State, Southern Niger Delta, Nigeria. A total of 19 VES using Schlumberger’s configuration and cored samples closer to the VES points from four (4) coastal Local Government Areas situated at Latitude 4°50' to 5°50'N and Longitude 7°30'to 8°50'E. A combination of both primary geo-electric parameters from aquifer system and the hydrodynamic indices from laboratory analysis of cored samples was used to determine the hydraulic flow units of delineated aquifer system in the study area. At a depth range of 51.20–265m with an average of 126.9 m, a total of 8 generic curves types distributions were identified (A-10.5%, H-26.3%, K-26.3%, HK-15.8%, AK-5.3%, AA-5.3%, KH-5.3% and HA-5.2%) with areas of low and high resistivity values correlating with the coarse, fine and mixed forms of the cored sample. The analysis of the cored samples closer to the VES points revealed areas of shallow water with cohesive/non-cohesive sediments that influence both the porosity and permeability values of the hydrogeological units, which is not enough to characterize the reservoir. Water resistivity of the area was estimated using the average pore geometry factor/cementation factor from previous study in the area, and was used to calculate the formation factor and the tortuosity, which range from 3.36 to 5.30 and from 1.24 to 1.40 respectively. The primary geo-electric parameters were correlated with the cored analysis to determine the hydrokinetic variables (AQI and FZI), used in estimating the hydraulic flow units of the area. The spatial variability of the parameters is visualized in contours/graphs, where porosity and permeability were found to be very high in the southern parts, suggesting enlarged interconnected pores of the geologic units with high/low flow zones. Result revealed 3 distinct hydraulic units (HFU5, HFU6 and HFU7), with HFU6 dominating the study area. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Iranian Society of Environmentalists (IRSEN) and Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University 2022.
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页码:13 / 29
页数:16
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