Regulation of cell migration and vascularization using electrospun nanofiber yarns

Objective Tissue engineering offers a promising therapeutic approach for chronic and acute skin injuries, primarily repairing and regenerating damaged tissues through artificial scaffolds. The migration of human skin fibroblasts (H S F s) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (H U V E C s) plays a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration. Meanwhile, adipose stem cells (A D S C s) secrete various pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic factors essential for tissue repair and regeneration. Therefore, to investigate the effect of the conditioned medium of ADSCs on cell behaviors, three nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds of different sizes were prepared and co-cultured with ADSCs, and the conditioned mediums obtained were co-cultured with HSFs and HUVECs to explore their regulatory effects on the migration and vascularization of these wound repair related cells. Method The nanofiber yarn-based meshes with different sizes were prepared by light-welding and electrospinning, and the microstructure of different scaffolds was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (S E M) and digital photography, the welding temperatures of nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds were measured by thermographie camera. ADSCs were cultured on scaffolds of different sizes to obtain different conditioned media, and HSFs and HUVECs were cultured with these different conditioned mediums. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 kit, and cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Results SEM images and digital photographs showed the different sizes of nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds and the uniform size of nanofiber yarns (257. 69 ± 36. 87) |xm which was achieved at the welding temperature (39.83 ± 3 . 0 7) °C . The viability and migration experiments of HSFs showed that the different conditioned mediums of nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds had little effect on cell viability, but their biocompatibilities were improved over that of the control group. The healing rate of HSFs after scratches of small nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds (SNS) and medium nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds (MNS) was better than that of large nanofiber yarn-based mesh scaffolds (LMN) and control group. There was no significant difference in the effect of 3 different conditioned media on the viability of HUVECs among all groups, SNS group had better effect on the migration of HUVECs and SNS group and MNS group promoted the angiogenesis of HUVECs. Conclusion The conditioned medium obtained after co-culturing ADSCs with nanofiber yarn meshes could effectively promote in vitro migration and angiogenesis of HSFs and HUVECS. Among them, the SNS scaffold was more effective in regulating cell behavior. The modulation of wound healing-related cell behavior utilizing nanofibrous scaffolds cultured with stem cell-collecting conditioned media is expected to be used in wound healing-related applications, providing new ideas for tissue regeneration and repair. © 2024 China Textile Engineering Society. All rights reserved.