Theoretical and Numerical Analysis for Thermal Runaway Front Velocity of Lithium-ion Battery

The safety issue of lithium-ion batteries has hindered the widespread use of electric vehicles due to thermal runaway. Typically, thermal runaway occurs locally within the battery and propagates to the overall battery. This phenomenon is particularly noticeable in large-format batteries. In this paper, we derived a formula for the thermal runaway front velocity within lithium-ion batteries based on principles of heat transfer. We verified its accuracy, which reached 85.34%. This formula is applicable to different types of lithium-ion batteries and can be used to predict their thermal runaway front velocity for guiding high-safety battery design. © 2024 Science Press. All rights reserved.