Single-shot Transport-of-intensity Equation Using a Lateral-displacement-beam-splitter Module for Biological Samples

Methods using the single-shot transport-of-intensity equation (ssTIE) commonly require capturing multiple intensities in one plane. In this work, the introduction of a lateral-displacement-beam-splitter module provides another solution for ssTIE. This technique eliminates the need for multiple acquisitions at different focal positions, thereby accelerating the imaging process and avoiding mechanical translation. For implementation, the module is placed after a bright-field microscope. After implementation, we validated the system by applying it to the imaging of mammalian nerve fibers and red blood cells. This approach holds promise for biological and medical research.