Modeling for predicting and optimizing of the flexural and hardness properties of jute/kenaf/glass fiber nano-composite through RSM

The research involves developing and evaluating hybrid natural and synthetic fiber composites using a hand layup technique and statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) to exploit the exceptional properties of the materials. The study examines the effects of different fibers (kenaf, jute, and glass), fiber orientation, fiber sequencing, and nanoparticle content on key mechanical properties such as flexural strength and hardness. Response surface methodology (RSM) is employed to create mathematical models of these properties. Statistical analysis reveals that fiber alignment and placement have a significant impact on the mechanical properties, with the type of nanoparticles used also playing a critical role in enhancing composite strength. Composites with fibers oriented at 90 degrees degrees show the best mechanical properties, especially when 5 % nanoparticles by weight are added. Among the different sequences tested, the hybrid composite with a 90-degree fiber orientation, sequence 1, and 5 % nanoparticles exhibits a 40 % increase in flexural strength and a 20 % increase in hardness compared to previous designs. Sequence 2 results in a 35 % improvement in flexural strength and an 18 % increase in hardness, while sequence 3 yields a 27 % improvement in flexural strength and an 18 % increase in hardness. These results confirm the superior performance of the hybrid composites when optimized with appropriate fiber orientation, sequencing, and nanoparticle content.