Porous carbon derived from covalent organic frameworks and relevant porous polymers: Preparation and application in adsorption and catalysis

Recent advancements in porous materials have significantly impacted energy storage/conversion and environmental remediation. Covalent organic framework (COF)-derived carbons (CDCs) have recently attracted significant scientific attention. COFs, formed by the ordered arrangement of organic linkers, create atomically precise porous frameworks but lose crystallinity upon high-temperature pyrolysis, resulting in mostly amorphous carbonaceous materials with high defect sites. Non-crystalline precursors, e.g. porous organic polymers (POPs) or covalent organic polymers (COPs), yield carbonaceous materials similar to CDCs. These materials can be synthesized using linkers similar to those in COFs. This review focuses on the preparation and applications of CDC materials in adsorption and catalysis, including those derived from POPs and COPs, while excluding those from conventional non-porous polymers. Future perspectives, together with the summary of the review, are also given to readers in the relevant fields.