Performance analysis of heat pump drying system combined with rotor dehumidification for low temperature drying of mango slices

In order to solve the problems of low drying efficiency and poor drying quality existing in the current closed heat pump drying system (CHPD), a closed carbon dioxide heat pump drying system (CHPRD) with the function of combining rotor dehumidification was designed. This study investigates the drying kinetics and quality characteristics of CHPRD in low-temperature drying processes using mango as the drying material through experimental studies and theoretical analysis. The experimental results showed that the drying rate of CHPRD increased by 29% and 17.8%, the moisture removal rate per unit energy (SMER) by 14.2% and 12.5%, and the coefficient of performance (COP) by 17.3% and 12.0%, respectively, compared with that of CHPD in the low-temperature drying process with loading amounts of 400 and 450 g, respectively. In terms of drying quality, the rehydration factor (Rf) of CHPRD-dried mango slices increased by 6.0% and 5.0%, the ascorbic acid content increased by 15.0% and 14.4%, and the color difference (Delta E) was lower by 11.0% and 5.6%, respectively. These improvements indicate that CHPRD provides better drying kinetics and higher quality of dried material. Based on the experimental data, simulation fitting was conducted, revealing that the two-term model is the best mathematical model to simulate the drying characteristics of CHPRD for mango.