Evaluation of impact energy in composites using acoustic emission sensing technique

A major challenge faced by composite materials is impact, which can result in unexpected damage and degradation. Impact events can cause significant structural damage that may not be immediately visible, leading to a reduction in the material's mechanical properties and overall performance. This paper presents an impact assessment method using acoustic emission (AE) sensing technology. The primary goal of this approach is to determine the extent of impact damage on composite components by analyzing AE signals produced under operating stress conditions. An advanced algorithm is proposed to predict the probability that the damage falls into various damage categories, providing a detailed assessment of the material's condition. For validation, a series of composite panels were manufactured and subjected to controlled impact and subsequent compression after impact tests. The AE signals gathered during these tests provided initial validation for the proposed method, showcasing its potential for accurately assessing impact damage. The results demonstrate that AE sensing technology, combined with advanced algorithmic analysis, has the potential to be an effective tool for monitoring the integrity of composite materials and ensuring their reliability in critical applications.