Optimizing Power Beacon Deployment in Battery-Less Wireless Sensor Networks for Transforming E-Commerce

Integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless sensor networks (WSN) in E-commerce enhances supply chain visibility and ensures product quality through real-time tracking, revolutionizing inventory management system. IoT devices (IoTDs) gather extensive consumer data, enriching E-commerce databases. Using advanced analytics and machine learning, platforms create personalized recommendations, targeted ads, and customized promotions, enhancing customer engagement and loyalty. While IoT and WSN devices provide valuable insights for E-commerce applications, it's imperative to address their energy limitations to uphold quality of service. This article explores battery-less IoTDs powered by wireless Power Beacons (PBs). To address this challenge, we employed both omni-directional PBs and directional PBs for powering IoTDs. We have proposed a novel scheme for the optimal number of power beacons (ONPB) which is based on set cover problem. The Omni Directional Cliques (ODC) and Directional Cliques (DC) algorithms are employed to cover the IoTDs, followed by the optimization of PBs placement using the ONPB algorithm, leveraging both omni and directional PBs features.