Experimental and numerical simulation study on the dissipation mechanism of landslide-generated waves through multiple barrier structures

Landslide-generated waves in reservoirs pose a significant threat to the stability of hydraulic engineering projects. Current wave dissipation structures primarily rely on antiwave walls on dams. However, the mechanisms and reduction efficiency of multistage dissipation structures in front of dams, particularly under the influence of high-energy landslide-generated waves, require further investigation. To better understand the complex dynamic interactions between landslide-generated waves and multiple combinatorial barrier structures, this paper investigates the wave dissipation mechanisms of various barrier structure parameters, including vertical distance, horizontal spacing, and along-traveling distance, through physical experiments and numerical simulations by SPH method coupled with Moordyn model. A nonlinear correlation between multiple structural parameters and the wave dissipation ratio is established using a power function parameter equation based on weighted distribution, offering a quantitative method for calculating the wave dissipation ratio of barrier structures in reservoirs.