Constraining Between-Event Variability of Kinematic Rupture Scenarios by Empirical Ground-Motion Model: A Case Study in Central Italy

The region of central Italy is well known for its moderate-to-large earthquakes. Events such as 2016 M-w 6.2 Amatrice, generated in the shallow extensional tectonic regime, motivate numerical simulations to gain insights into source-related ground-motion complexities. We utilize a hybrid integral-composite kinematic rupture model by Gallovic and Brokesova (2007) to predict ground motions for other hypothetical Amatrice fault rupture scenarios (scenario events). The synthetic seismograms are computed in 1D crustal velocity models, including region-specific 1D profiles for selected stations up to 10 Hz. We create more than ten thousand rupture scenarios by varying source parameters. The resulting distributions of synthetic spectral accelerations at periods 0.2-2 s agree with the empirical nonergodic ground-motionmodel of Sgobba et al. (2021) for central Italy in terms of the mean and total variability. However, statistical mixed-effect analysis of the residuals indicates that the between-event variability of the scenarios exceeds the empirical one significantly. We quantify the role of sourcemodel parameters in themodeling and demonstrate the pivotal role of the so-called stress parameter that controls high-frequency radiation. We propose restricting the scenario variability to keep the between-event variabilitywithin the empirical value. The presented validation of the scenario variability can be generally utilized in scenario modeling for more realistic physics-based seismic hazard assessment.