INDIRECT HEAT TRANSFER IN CPI FLUIDIZED BEDS.

The use of gas-fluidized solids systems within the chemical process industries (CPI) has experienced significant growth since its inception over 60 years ago. The majority of these systems have been direct fluid beds (DFB), which transfer significant amounts of heat and mass between solids and gases that are in intimate, direct contact. This paper is concerned with the indirect fluid bed that exchanges heat between immersed transfer surfaces and the fluidized solids. In such beds, heat is indirectly transferred to and from the bed, while mass transfer is still direct between gas and solids. This article is intended to impart the basic concept of indirect heat transfer in fluidized beds and its applications for manufacturing particulate chemicals. Economic considerations are included.