Process of producing the iron ore pellets at 'Lebedinskij GOK' company has been considered. Machine for firing the pellets has been modernized in order to improve quality of them. Investigations of the process have been performed. Results of the investigations have shown that bentonite clay utilized as binder influences the quality of the pellets as well as formation of the fired pellet structure. Degree of the influence is determined by quality of bentonite. Quality of various bentonite has been studied. It has been shown that Indian bentonite is characterized by high quality. Quality of Russian bentonites mined at Khakassoe and Kurganskoe deposits are also high.