NOTES ON THE DESIGN OF HELICAL COMPRESSION AND TENSION SPRINGS OF ROUND WIRE.

ESDU 8303 provides a comprehensive guide to the concepts and priciples relating to the design and operation of helical springs. A detailed description of the prestressing process is given, and the considerations governing choice of material, operating reliability, corrosion, temperature, electrical conductivity, etc. , are discussed. Values of the operating temperature ranges of 27 spring materials are tabulated. The manner of loading is discussed with reference to cyclic, transverse impact and eccentric loading and buckling. Different designs of end forms for compression and tension springs are described with their effect on manufacturing costs and the free and solid lengths. Surface finish and treatment processes are examined. An optimum approach to design which minimizes either the weight, volume or closed length is described together with an example calculation. The information required by the manufacturer is discussed. A specimen sheet is provided which tabulates the essential details required for manufacture. A number of alternative spring types are briefly described, and a glossary of spring terminology is appended.