A study on library users and online public access catalogs (OPAGs) performed by the Council on Library Resources (CLR) gave the opportunity to determine library users' needs for offline and online assistance for online catalog searching. Users expressed these needs chiefly in focused-group interviews, and their use of offline and online assistance is supported by survey responses. Thus, survey results are used in this discussion to complement what was learned about offline and online user assistance in focused-group interviews.