Results of experimental investigations are given which show that by increasing the viscosity of jet fuel an appreciable improvement in antiwear properties can be achieved only if the samples being compared do not differ in chemical composition and have been produced by analogous methods. Increasing the content of naphthenic hydrocarbons in a fuel favors an improvement in its antiwear properties. Increasing the mercaptan sulfur content of a fuel degrades its antiwear properties. Hydrotreated fuels are poorer in this respect than the corresponding straight-run fuels. Additives are effective in improving antiwear properties. For all samples of aviation kerosine, the wear of plunger spheres is practically identical when additive is used, regardless of the fuel's chemical composition or production technology.