SERIALLY TESTING A BOARD'S STATES TAKES THE TRICKINESS OUT OF DEBUGGING IT.

Treating microprocessor operations as a sequence of electrical states makes it possible to check out even the earliest stages of system design. A description of major microprocessor operations is presented, and each operation may be subdivided into a set of electrical hardware states. The sequence of electrical state characteristic of some typical operations demonstrates the ease with which state stimulus testing can be done.