Modern hydraulic systems in machine tools include components with precision parts having small diametral clearances that make them sensitive to the content of solid particles in industrial oils. In this connection, the oils must be changed long before any large amounts of aging products appear in the oil. In order to establish a logical service period for industrial oils, which determines the total consumption of these oils, the decision must be based on quality indexes that characterize the accumulation of aging products as a result of physico-chemical conversions of the hydrocarbons while the oils are in service. That is the subject of the work reported in this article. Experimental data (IR spectroscopy, viscosity and acid number changes, hydrocarbon group composition, etc. ) are tabulated, plotted, and discussed.