The general theory of micromorphic continua developed by A. C. Eringen provides a convenient basis for the formulation of specialized theories of micromorphic continua which are intended for the prediction of thermomechanical behavior of granular solids, composite materials, fluid suspensions and polymeric fluids. The purpose of this paper is to present Eringen's general theory in such form that the derived theories should be characterized in a simple manner. The general specification of the order of micromotion, the order of microtemperature and the grade of microcontinua is included.