Productivity of inside casing gravel- pack completions

Field results from gravel- pack treatments show that wells completed with an open- hole gravel pack have from two to ten times the productivity of cased wells completed with an inside gravel pack and a high- pressure squeeze, or with an inside gravel pack alone. A study of flow resistances imposed by gravel packing a cased well shows that the greatest resistance is often through the sand- filled perforations. Field test data verify that increasing perforation area can increase productivity.