This paper reports investigations of the effect of temperature, pH, and hydrodynamic conditions on the corrosion of aluminum and aluminum alloys under distillation desalination plant operating conditions. It recommends the use of the AMg3 alloy for equipment for the thermal desalination of Caspian seawater acidified to a pH value of 6 at 90 degree C and a water velocity of up to 2 m/sec.