A thorough discussion of the basic materials, processes, and equipment associated with printed circuits is presented. The topics covered are in order: types of printed circuits; materials used in P/C fabrication, namely, rigid substrates, flexible substrates, and copper foils; artwork generation; drilling and routing; resist types and techniques; plating processes and materials; cleaning equipment and contamination testing; solders; fluxes; soldering equipment and processes; component insertion and assembly; conformal coatings; testing of components and boards; troubleshooting; and repair of defective boards and rework.