The fourth session produced a wide variety of sometimes contradictory results. One of the major problems appears to be the lack of precise information concerning the boundary conditions prevailing during acoustic measurements. Although the discussions in this session were wide ranging, the question as to when it is necessary to measure sound with microphone arrays and when single-microphone measurements are sufficient to the task at hand was not fully discussed. An area of general nonagreement concerns effectiveness of wheel-noise absorbers. In this area, more work is needed to establish firmly whether or not the kinds of wheels and rails are important parameters that influence the effectiveness of these noise absorbers.