New techniques are suggested for velocity vector selection in the orthogonal basis in the measurements by the methods of laser Doppler anemometry. Minimization of measuring channel number, scheme compactness and sensitivity increase are achieved. Realization in the small solid angles is possible what is particularly important in the case of fiber optical measuring systems. Besides, the considered techniques of selection of the velocity vector orthogonal components can be also used in interferometry, dynamic holography and laser spectroscopy of optical mixing.