Photoelastic investigations and development of engineering technique for stress calculation in constructions with surface defects

Using the theory of experimental design and photoelastic models being frozen the functions of construction stress state in surface defect areas and geometrical and force factors are studied. Families of adequate empirical formulae and nomograms are obtained. The error of the engineering technique application is &le 20 %, that is satisfactorily taking into account the absence of analogues. Reliability and nomographability of empirical formulae being proposed as well as the possibility of matrix procedures computerization have allowed to recommend the engineering technique to practical application when calculating stresses in elements of power equipment where the formation of surface defects and samplings is possible.