General consideratons of the Claus process, in which sulfur compounds (such as H//2S, COS, CS//2) contained in petroleum tail gases are converted into sulfur, are followed by presentation of experimental studies performed with a modified Claus catalyst. Sulfated bauxite-based catalysts have been shown to give higher conversion degree of sulfur compounds into sulfur than conventional catalysts. Results of experimental investigations performed with modified catalyst are tabulated, plotted in curves and discussed.