Relations between gelation and crystallization of a barium titanate precursor and experimental parameters of sol-gel processing were studied systematically. A crystalline barium titanate gel powder was obtained at room temperature through periods of hydrolysis, gelation and shrinkage from a precursor solution composed of Ba(OEt)2 and Ti(OiPr)4. The aging time enough to shrink the gel was required to obtain a crystalline powder after gelation. The obtained crystalline powder was pseudo-cubic perovskite and the primary particle was about 20 nm in diameter.