Realizing the potential of scalable and stable semitransparent organic solar modules

Semitransparent organic solar modules (ST-OSMs) are emerging as clean energy sources due to their unique combination of functional efficiency and architectural integration, offering a visually appealing energy solution for urban environments. However, despite their potential, scalability over large areas and long-term stability present formidable challenges owing to the susceptibility of organic materials and electrodes to operational stressors. Herein, we report 206-cm2 ST-OSMs with a power conversion efficiency of 10.37 % and an average visible transmittance of 18.78 % using a slot-die coating and a robust glass-to-glass encapsulation strategy. This encapsulation employs a rapid-curing, less viscous epoxy adhesive that effectively addresses the critical problems of durability and scalability. Our approach not only significantly extends the module's lifespan, but also maintains high efficiency throughout 1000 h of ISOS-L-2 stability testing. This milestone paves the way for a new paradigm in the utilization of renewable energy sources for sustainable development.