A Comprehensive Review of Sizing and Energy Management Strategies for Optimal Planning of Microgrids with PV and Other Renewable Integration

This article comprehensively reviews strategies for optimal microgrid planning, focusing on integrating renewable energy sources. The study explores heuristic, mathematical, and hybrid methods for microgrid sizing and optimization-based energy management approaches, addressing the need for detailed energy planning and seamless integration between these stages. Key findings emphasize the importance of optimal sizing to minimize costs and reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions while ensuring system reliability. In a pedagogical manner, this review highlights the integrated methodologies that simultaneously address sizing and energy management and the potential of emerging technologies, such as smart grids and electric vehicles, to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability. This study outlines the importance of accurate load modeling and carefully selecting models for renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, including degradation models, to achieve long-term operational efficiency and sustainability in microgrid design and operation. Future research should focus on developing multi-objective optimization techniques and incorporating cutting-edge technologies for improved microgrid planning and operation.