Green synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles in zinc chloride: Urea: acetamide deep eutectic solvent-characterization, fluorescence sensing, antibacterial and antioxidant properties

A quick and low-temperature chemical reduction approach was used to synthesis trimanganese tetroxide nanoparticles (Mn3O4 NPs) in the zinc chloride: urea: acetamide deep eutectic solvent (ZUA-DES). Additionally, their efficiency in suppressing free radicals, preventing bacterial growth, and detecting 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol (TNP) was assessed. Utilizing XRD, HRTEM, UV-Vis, DTA/TG, XPS, FTIR, and FL spectroscopy, the Mn3O4 NPs were investigated and characterized. According to observations of powder X-ray diffraction, the Hausmannite Mn3O4 NPs form in a tetragonal system with an average crystallite size of 28 nm. The self-assembled, randomly dispersed, spherical Mn3O4 NPs from HRTEM observations ranged in size from 5 to 60 nm. The fluorescence spectrum results validated the produced NPs' sensitivity for TNP detection in an aqueous medium. The antimicrobial property of the Mn3O4 NPs was estimated against certain bacterial strains, including E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. aureus, E. coli, and M. luteus. The Mn3O4 NPs resisted the growth of E. coli with an inhibition zone of 12 mm at a concentration of 1000 mu g/disc. They scavenged 75.97 % of the DPPH and 73.50 % of the DMPD free radicals at a concentration of 800 mu g/mL. In conclusion, Mn3O4 NPs may be a useful material for the development of sensors for the detection of TNP.