Flammulina velutipes protein-Flammulina velutipes soluble polysaccharide-tea polyphenols particles stabilized Pickering emulsions for the delivery of β-carotene

The delivery vehicles based on protein-polysaccharide-polyphenol are promising methods to encapsulate bioactive components with the aim of improving their solubility and bioavailability. In this study, we used Flammulina velutipes protein (FVP) and Flammulina velutipes soluble polysaccharides (FVSP) as raw materials and prepared FVP-FVSP and FVP-FVSP-TP composite particles loaded with tea polyphenols (TP), the high internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by FVP-FVSP and FVP-FVSP-TP for the delivery of beta-carotene (BC) were created. FVP-FVSP-TP has more promise as Pickering emulsion stabilizer than FVP-FVSP because of the smaller particle size, proper contact angle, and lower surface tension. The optimal preparation conditions of the emulsion were 4 % particle concentration and 80 % oil phase volume fraction. The emulsions stabilized by FVP-FVSP and FVP-FVSP-TP were o/w emulsions. Compared to the emulsion stabilized by FVP-FVSP, the FVP-FVSP-TP stabilized emulsion had higher G ', G '' values and viscosity and showed better thermal, centrifugal, storage and oil oxidation stability. Moreover, FVP-FVSP-TP stabilized emulsions could further enhance the retention rate and bioaccessibility of TP and beta-carotene. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of FVP and FVSP in Pickering emulsions, and a reference for the fabrication of delivery vehicles to improve the stability and bioaccessibility of bioactive substances.