Artificial intelligence-driven advances in nuclear technology: Exploring innovations, applications, and future prospects

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally transforming nuclear technology and energy applications by offering advanced solutions to long-standing challenges. Leveraging recent advancements in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), AI enhances capabilities in data analysis, predictive modeling, and real-time decisionmaking. This study examines a brief review of how AI improves reactor design, optimizes safety protocols, and refines monitoring systems in nuclear operations. It also highlights AI's role in advancing radiation detection and supporting nuclear fusion research through enhanced pattern recognition and predictive accuracy. However, the integration of AI introduces significant ethical and technical challenges, including concerns about algorithmic biases and cybersecurity risks. The article emphasizes the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration between AI specialists and nuclear technology experts to address these challenges effectively. Additionally, it explores the potential impact of AI on nuclear policy, safety regulations, and international agreements, stressing the importance of addressing these implications as AI technology continues to evolve in the nuclear sector.