Analysis of the influence of heavy metal pollution in the Pb-Zn mining area on environment ecology

With the rapid development of mining and purchase of mineral resources, the pollution caused by heavy metals in the Pb-Zn ore area has posed a serious threat to environment. The Pb-Zn Mining Areas and the smelting plants have a great influence on their surrounding environment. Shaanxi Province of China is abundant in Pb-Zn ore. The environmental pollution incurred by heavy metals is mainly reflected as the pollution of heavy metal chromium, lead, zinc and arsenic. The pollution can do a great harm to soil, plants, microorganism, waters, air and the growth and health of humans and animals. The serious of ecological environment problems has a negative impact on the current social and economic life. Worse still, tailings contain a large number of heavy metals. Through the biogeochemical effect, these heavy metals can be released and migrated to soil and rivers. Due to polyphyly, elusiveness, sustainability and severity of pollution consequences, the problem has drawn the attention of more and more researchers. This paper mainly analyzes the status quo and trend of pollution caused by heavy metals in the Pb-Zn Mining Area in south Shaanxi Province. Based on the soil investigation, the ecological hazard index method is employed, and the average content of heavy metal elements in the deep soil is adopted as the reference value to evaluate the potential ecological risks of heavy metal pollution and explore its ecological environment effect. At last, countermeasures aiming at improving heavy metal pollution in the Pb-Zn Mining Area of south Shaanxi Province are put forward.